{"id":247,"date":"2019-04-15T11:39:39","date_gmt":"2019-04-15T09:39:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/illustrascience.fr\/?p=247"},"modified":"2023-04-04T15:37:37","modified_gmt":"2023-04-04T13:37:37","slug":"galilee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/illustrascience.fr\/galilee\/","title":{"rendered":"Galil\u00e9e"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"247\" class=\"elementor elementor-247\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e40fc62 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e40fc62\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5e960f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f5e960f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.20.0 - 13-03-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"230\" src=\"https:\/\/illustrascience.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/galil\u00e9e.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-248\" alt=\"Galil\u00e9e\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e31b52 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2e31b52\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6923b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e6923b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.20.0 - 13-03-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Galil\u00e9e<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cff45d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6cff45d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.20.0 - 13-03-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>(15 f\u00e9vrier 1564 &#8211; 8 janvier 1642 )<br \/>Galil\u00e9e est un math\u00e9maticien, physicien et astronome italien.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b58ba4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9b58ba4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8a9368 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e8a9368\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Biographie<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-899eab5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"899eab5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a1c509 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0a1c509\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dans sa jeunesse Galil\u00e9e re\u00e7oit une \u00e9ducation religieuse et on l&rsquo;encourage \u00e0 rester dans les ordres. Suite \u00e0 une maladie oculaire, son p\u00e8re l&rsquo;enl\u00e8ve de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole. Quelques ann\u00e9es plus tard, il s&rsquo;inscrit \u00e0 l&rsquo;universit\u00e9 de Pise pour suivre des \u00e9tudes de m\u00e9decine. Trouvant peu d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat pour cette discipline, il arr\u00eate sa scolarit\u00e9 en cours et s&rsquo;oriente vers les math\u00e9matiques.<br \/>Plus tard, Galil\u00e9e part enseigner \u00e0 l&rsquo;universit\u00e9 de Padoue pendant 18 ans<\/p><p>Il reprends des travaux d&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/illustrascience.fr\/archimede\">Archim\u00e8de<\/a> et \u00e9labore sa th\u00e9orie des corps flottants<br \/>Par la suite il am\u00e9liore la longue vue pour en faire une v\u00e9ritable lunette astronomique, Le Galil\u00e9e physicien deviens alors astronome<br \/>Il est d\u00e9fenseur de l&rsquo;approche copernicienne de l&rsquo;univers, bas\u00e9e sur l&rsquo;h\u00e9liocentrisme (et les mouvements satellitaires des plan\u00e8tes autour du soleil immobile). Mais la th\u00e9orie scientifique admise de ses contemporains (scientifiques et de l&rsquo;\u00e9glise) est celle d&rsquo;Aristote, bas\u00e9e sur le g\u00e9ocentrisme (dans cette th\u00e9orie la terre reste immobile au centre de l&rsquo;univers)<br \/>Il n&rsquo;expose pas tout de suite publiquement ses opinions, mais ses observations l&#8217;emm\u00e8nent \u00e0 mettre en \u00e9vidence des arguments tr\u00e8s significatifs en faveur de la th\u00e9orie de Copernic. Sa popularit\u00e9 augmente et il prends alors activement la d\u00e9fense de l&rsquo;h\u00e9liocentrisme (bien qu&rsquo;il y apporte certaines corrections) alors que les attaques des partisans d&rsquo;Aristote et d&rsquo;une grande partie de l&rsquo;\u00e9glise augmente.<br \/>Il est condamn\u00e9 par l&rsquo;inquisition en 1633\u00a0 mais le pape intervient et il est assign\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9sidence surveill\u00e9e. Dans cette situation il continue \u00e0 publier (notamment des ouvrages de m\u00e9canique qui \u00e9tablissent les bases de la physique moderne) malgr\u00e9 tout, m\u00eame apr\u00e8s qu&rsquo;il perde la vue. Il meurt d\u00e9but 1642.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c34f80 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1c34f80\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e86c41c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e86c41c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Observations astronomiques<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fec65cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fec65cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49d4dd8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49d4dd8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Parmi ses principales observations de notre syst\u00e8me solaire on peut noter<\/p><ul><li>La d\u00e9couverte du relief lunaire<\/li><li>IL d\u00e9nombre les \u00e9toiles de la constellation d&rsquo;Orion et s&rsquo;aper\u00e7oit que certaines \u00e9toiles visibles \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u0153il nu sont en fait des amas d&rsquo;\u00e9toiles.<\/li><li>Il d\u00e9couvre les lunes de Jupiter (c&rsquo;est principalement cette observation qui lui permet d&rsquo;invalider les th\u00e8ses d&rsquo;Aristote)<\/li><li>les anneaux de Saturne<\/li><li>Apr\u00e8s avoir trouv\u00e9 comment observer le soleil, Il \u00e9tudie \u00e9galement les taches solaires.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97c83cf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"97c83cf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3a21eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b3a21eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"836\" height=\"276\" src=\"https:\/\/illustrascience.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/system_solaire_galil\u00e9e.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-250\" alt=\"galil\u00e9e syst\u00e8me solaire\" srcset=\"https:\/\/illustrascience.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/system_solaire_galil\u00e9e.jpg 836w, https:\/\/illustrascience.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/system_solaire_galil\u00e9e-300x99.jpg 300w, https:\/\/illustrascience.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/system_solaire_galil\u00e9e-768x254.jpg 768w, https:\/\/illustrascience.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/system_solaire_galil\u00e9e-420x140.jpg 420w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20fb0ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"20fb0ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cbe099 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6cbe099\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inventions<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d97100a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d97100a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0de19b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e0de19b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La lunette astronomique<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1602563 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1602563\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>il perfectionne la lunette astronomique, (invention hollandaise, il s&rsquo;agissait d&rsquo;une longue vue), et par ses observations bouleverse les fondements de l&rsquo;astronomie<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a01691 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1a01691\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-820286f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"820286f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le microscope<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e37688f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e37688f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>invention du microscope ( mais certains pensent que son inventeur pourrait \u00eatre l&rsquo;opticien hollandais Zacharias Janssen)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b23659 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6b23659\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73599cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73599cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Il pose les <strong>bases de la m\u00e9canique<\/strong> (et est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le fondateur de la physique)<\/p><p><strong>Th\u00e9orie des corps flottants<\/strong><\/p><p>Retrouvez d&rsquo;autres <a href=\"https:\/\/illustrascience.fr\/scientifiques-celebres\/\">scientifiques c\u00e9l\u00e8bres<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Galil\u00e9e (15 f\u00e9vrier 1564 &#8211; 8 janvier 1642 ) Galil\u00e9e est un math\u00e9maticien, physicien et astronome italien. Biographie Dans sa jeunesse Galil\u00e9e re\u00e7oit une \u00e9ducation religieuse et on l&rsquo;encourage \u00e0 rester dans les ordres. Suite \u00e0 une maladie oculaire, son p\u00e8re l&rsquo;enl\u00e8ve de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole. Quelques ann\u00e9es plus tard, il s&rsquo;inscrit \u00e0 l&rsquo;universit\u00e9 de Pise pour suivre des \u00e9tudes de m\u00e9decine. Trouvant peu d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat pour cette discipline, il arr\u00eate sa scolarit\u00e9 en cours et s&rsquo;oriente vers les math\u00e9matiques. Plus tard, Galil\u00e9e part enseigner \u00e0 l&rsquo;universit\u00e9 de Padoue pendant 18 ans Il reprends des travaux d&rsquo;Archim\u00e8de et \u00e9labore sa th\u00e9orie des corps\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":248,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[36],"blocksy_meta":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Galil\u00e9e - illustrascience<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Galil\u00e9e: la biographie r\u00e9sum\u00e9e du math\u00e9maticien, physicien et astronome italien. 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